Examples

Manned programs

The Apollo 15 Command/Service Module as viewed from the Lunar Module on August 2, 1971.

A Russian Soyuz bringing a crew to the ISS.

Orbital

See also: Human spaceflight

See also: Orbital spaceflight

• Apollo Spacecraft
• Gemini Spacecraft
• International Space Station
• Mercury Spacecraft
• Manned Maneuvering Unit—world's smallest manned spacecraft
• Mir
• Salyut
• Shuttle Buran
• Shenzhou Spacecraft
• Skylab
• Soyuz Spacecraft
• Space Shuttle
• Voskhod Spacecraft
• Vostok Spacecraft

Suborbital

See also: Suborbital spaceflight

• SpaceShipOne (commercial) suborbital
• X-15 suborbital

Unmanned programs

The Hubble Space Telescope

The Jules Verne Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV) approaches the International Space Station on Monday, March 31, 2008.

Luna 9 soft landing capsule (NASA)

Artist's conception of Cassini-Huygens as it enters Saturn's orbit

Main article: Robotic spacecraft

See also: Space probe and Boilerplate (rocketry)

Semi-manned or manned-spec unmanned spacecraft

Main article: Unmanned resupply spacecraft

• Automated Transfer Vehicle (ATV)—unmanned European cargo spacecraft
• Buran manned-spec Soviet shuttle (one mission only)
• H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV)—unmanned Japanese cargo spacecraft
• Progress—unmanned USSR/Russia cargo spacecraft
• TKS—manned-spec unmanned USSR cargo spacecraft

Earth Orbit

• Explorer 1—first US satellite
• Project SCORE—first communications satellite
• SOHO
• Sputnik 1—world's first artificial satellite
• Sputnik 2—first animal in orbit (Laika)
• Sputnik 5—first capsule recovered from orbit (Vostok precursor)—animals survived
• STEREO—Earth environment observation
• Syncom—first geosynchronous communications satellite

Lunar

• Clementine—US Navy mission, orbited Moon, detected hydrogen at the poles
• Luna 1—first lunar flyby
• Luna 2—first lunar impact
• Luna 3—first images of lunar far side
• Luna 9—first soft landing on the Moon
• Luna 10—first lunar orbiter
• Luna 16—first unmanned lunar sample retrieval
• Lunar Orbiter—very successful series of lunar mapping spacecraft
• Lunar Prospector—confirmed detection of hydrogen at the lunar poles
• Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter—Identifies safe landing sites & Locates moon resources
• SMART-1 ESA—Lunar Impact
• Surveyor—first USA soft lander
• Chandrayaan 1 —first Indian Lunar mission

Planetary

• Cassini-Huygens—first Saturn orbiter + Titan lander
• Galileo—first Jupiter orbiter+descent probe
• Mariner 4—first Mars flyby, first close and high resulution images of Mars
• Mariner 9—first Mars orbiter
• Mariner 10—first Mercury flyby, first close up images
• Mars Exploration Rover—a Mars rover
• Mars Express—a Mars orbiter
• Mars Global Surveyor—a Mars orbiter
• Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter—an advanced climate, imaging, sub-surface radar, and telecommunications Mars orbiter
• MESSENGER—first Mercury orbiter (arrival 2011)
• Mars Pathfinder—a Mars lander + rover
• New Horizons—first Pluto flyby (arrival 2015)
• Pioneer 10—first Jupiter flyby, first close up images
• Pioneer 11—second Jupiter flyby + first Saturn flyby (first close up images of Saturn)
• Pioneer Venus—first Venus orbiter+landers
• Venera 4—first soft landing on another planet (Venus)
• Viking 1—first soft landing on Mars
• Voyager 2—Jupiter flyby + Saturn flyby + first flybys/images of Neptune and Uranus

Other—deep space

Main article: Space probe

• Cluster
• Deep Space 1
• Deep Impact (space mission)
• Genesis
• Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous
• Stardust
• WMAP

Fastest spacecraft

• Helios I & II Solar Probes (252,792 km/h/157,078 mph)

Furthest spacecraft from the Sun

• Voyager 1 at 106.3 AU as of July 2008, traveling outward at about 3.6 AU/year
• Pioneer 10 at 89.7 AU as of 2005, traveling outward at about 2.6 AU/year
• Voyager 2 at 85.49 AU as of July 2008, traveling outward at about 3.3 AU/year

Heaviest spacecraft

• NASA STS Space Shuttle/Orbiter (109,000 kilograms / 107 long tons; 120 short tons)

Programs under development

The proposed Crew Exploration Vehicle approaching the Moon

• Orion spacecraft
• Kliper—Russian "Clipper"
• CNES Mars Netlander
• James Webb Space Telescope (delayed)
• ESA Darwin probe
• Mars Science Laboratory rover
• Shenzhou spacecraft Cargo
• Terrestrial Planet Finder probe
• X-37
• SpaceX Dragon manned spacecraft
• System F6—a DARPA Fractionated Spacecraft demonstrator
• Reaction Engines Skylon SSTO with a hybrid engine

Unfunded / cancelled programs

The First Test Flight of the Delta Clipper-Experimental Advanced (DC-XA)

Multi-stage

• Chinese Project 921-3 Shuttle
• ESA Hermes Shuttle
• Soviet Buran Shuttle
• Soyuz Kontakt
• Teledesic
• Manned Orbiting Laboratory
• X-20

SSTO

• RR/British Aerospace HOTOL
• ESA Hopper Orbiter
• McDonnell Douglas DC-X (Delta Clipper)
• Roton Rotored-Hybrid
• Lockheed-Martin VentureStar